Karaoke Audio Mixer
A multi-stage analog signal chain — mixing, filtering, and amplification with under 0.5 dB gain error.
An op-amp based audio processing pipeline designed with small-signal modeling, nodal analysis, and Thevenin/Norton equivalents — validated in Multisim simulation and on a physical breadboard, achieving less than 0.5 dB gain error across the operating range.
Analog discipline
Analog design punishes hand-waving. Every stage of the mixer was designed on paper first — small-signal models, nodal analysis, component values chosen analytically — then verified in Multisim before a single part hit the breadboard. The result held to under 0.5 dB of gain error across the operating range, with a comparator-driven level indicator calibrated against real signal thresholds.
Highlights
- Multi-stage analog pipeline: microphone/music mixing → filtering → amplification
- Op-amp circuit design via small-signal modeling, nodal analysis, and Thevenin/Norton equivalents
- < 0.5 dB gain error across the operating range, validated in simulation and hardware
- Comparator-based signal visualization with calibrated threshold indicators